Information Technology Class 10 NCERT Solutions Chapter 15 Prevent Accidents and Emergencies includes textbook back exercises questions with solutions. Let’s begin!
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NCERT Solutions Chapter 15 Prevent Accidents and Emergencies
A. Multiple choice questions
[1] What are the steps necessary for operating a fire extinguisher? (a) Identify the safety pin of the fire extinguisher which is generally present in its handle (b) Break the seal and pull the safety pin from the handle (c) Use the fire extinguisher by squeezing the lever (d) All of the above
[2] Which of the following is an examples of ignition sources of open flames? (a) Gas ovens (b) Lighters in smoking areas (c) Welding torches (d) All of the above
[3] In fire classification, all liquid, grease, and gas material comes under ______. (a) Class A material (b) Class B material (c) Class C material (d) Class A material
[4] In fire classification, material magnesium, potassium, and sodium comes under _________ (a) Class A material (b) Class B material (c) Class C material (d) Class D material
[5] In fire classification, material wood, cloth, and paper comes under ______________ (a) Class A material (b) Class B material (c) Class C material (d) Class D material
[6] In fire classification, electrical material and equipment comes under ________. (a) Class A material (b) Class B material (c) Class C material (d) Class D material
[9] Which of the following contains everything you need to know about evacuating your facility safely? (a) Evacuation Diagram (b) Emergency Action Plan (c) Employee Directory (d) Both (a) and (b)
[10] The best course of action to take during a medical emergency is to ______________. (a) Begin first aid immediately (b) Activate the emergency plan for reporting injuries (c) Notify the person’s family about the situation (d) Both (a) and (b)
Ans.: Emergency is a serious or crisis situation that needs immediate attention and action. For example, a customer having a heart attack or sudden outbreak of fire in your organisation needs immediate attention.
[2] How do you protect yourself, your employees, and your business?
Ans.: The following ways can be used to protect people at work:
1. Notice and Correctly Identify Accidents and Emergencies
2. Get help Promptly and in the Most Suitable Way
3. Follow Company Policies and Procedures for Preventing Further Injury While Waiting for Help to Arrive
4. Act within the Limits of your Responsibility and Authority when Accidents and Emergencies Arise
5. Promptly Follow Instructions given by Senior Staff and the Emergency Services
Ans.: An emergency action plan (EAP) is a written document that outlines how to respond to an emergency. It can be used in a variety of settings, in emergencies.
[4] What should your emergency action plan include?
Ans.: An emergency action plan (EAP) includes the following:
1. Evacuation routes, assembly points, and actions to take during an evacuation
2. Instructions for sheltering in place during an emergency
3. Procedures for contacting emergency responders
4. Procedures for notifying and warning people in an emergency
5. Procedures for locating family members in an emergency
6. Who is responsible for what tasks during an emergency
7. Information about threats and hazards that could be encountered in an emergency
8. Information about actions that can be taken to protect people and property during an emergency
9. Procedures for responding to emergencies
[5] How do you develop an evacuation policy and procedures?
Ans.: To develop an evacuation policy and procedures follow these:
1. Assess the emergency situation
2. Develop an appropriate map for exit
3. Identify any hazard or potential accidental situation then reduce them to an acceptable level
4. Follow some protective measures for safety
5. Keep ready some firefighting equipments
6. Closing the doors as soon as exited from the fire or smoke
7. Process and prepare proper documentations for the same
8. Use some public announcements
[6] How do you establish evacuation routes and exits?
Ans.: To establish evacuation routes and exits follow these:
1. Ensure every room has proper exit windows or doors in emergency
2. Clearly mark the exit points in a such a way they are visible
3. The exits should be wide enough to accommodate people in such emergencies
4. Schedule more and more mock drills
5. Provide accurate training to staff for evacuation procedures
6. Conduct risk assessment
7. Communicate this evacuation plan to everyone
8. Prepare a duty roaster and assign some key responsibilities
9. Keep important documents at safe place
[7] What are the various types of fire extinguisher and their extinguishing material?
Ans.: The six main types of fire extinguisher are water, foam, CO2, powder, water mist and wet chemical. A relatively new type of fire extinguisher has also been developed to tackle lithium-ion battery fires and uses AVD (Aqueous Vermiculite Dispersion) to cool the fire and prevent re-ignition.
The fire extinguishing material are as follows:
Class A Material: materials such as wood, cloth, and paper, which won’t ignite on their own but will continue to burn once exposed to a heat source.
Class B Material: all liquid, grease, and gas materials that burn when exposed to ignition sources.
Class C Material: electrical materials and equipment. These materials cause fires very quickly and present a serious risk of arc flash.
Class D Material: any materials that are volatile and able to quickly ignite, such as magnesium, potassium, and sodium.
[8] What are the steps for operating a fire extinguisher in case of a fire emergency.
Ans.: The steps for operating a fire extinguisher in case of fire emergency are as follows:
Step 1: Identify the safety pin of the fire extinguisher, present in its handle.
Step 2: Break the seal and pull the safety pin from the handle.
Step 3: Use the fire extinguisher by squeezing the lever.
Step 4: Sweep it from side to side.
[9] Compare the different type of fire extinguisher.
Ans.: There are several classes of fire, including:
Class A: Fires involving ordinary combustibles like paper, wood, and cloth
Class B: Fires involving flammable liquids and gases
Class C: Fires involving electrical equipment, wiring, or appliances, often caused by overloaded outlets or damaged power cords
Class D: Fires involving combustible metals like magnesium, potassium, and titanium. These fires can spread quickly to other combustible materials.
Class K: Cooking fires involving the combustion of cooking liquids like animal fat, vegetable fat, oil, or grease.
Class F: Fires involving cooking oils and fats, which are technically a type of flammable liquid or gas fire that burns at a very high temperature
Class E: Electrical fires, which are an oddity because electricity is more of an ignition source than a fuel. However, electricity can be a potential source of ignition and heat, especially during a short circuit.
Ans.: The electrical rescue techniques are as follows:
1. Approaching the accident
2. Examining the scene
3. Hazards and Solutions
4. High voltage rescue
5. First Aid
[12]What is the first aid for electrical emergencies?
Ans.: The first aid for electrical emergencies are as follows:
1. A victim may require Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
2. If the victim is breathing and has a heartbeat, give first aid for injuries and treat for shock.
3. Ensure the victim gets medical care as soon as possible.
4. Physician attending the victim must have detailed information to properly diagnose and care for the
victim.
