Informatics Practices Class 12 Notes Comprehensive Study Material

Informatics Practices class 12 notes Python provides topic-wise study material according to the CBSE syllabus informatics practices subject code is 065.

Informatics Practices class 12 notes python

Informatics Practices class12 python curriculum is having 4 main units as follows:

1. Unit 1 Data Handling using Pandas and Data Visualization
2. Unit 2 Database Query Using SQL
3. Unit 3 Introduction to a computer network
4. Unit 4 Societal Impacts

Unit 1: Data handling using Pandas and Data Visualization

Data Handling using pandas – I

• Introduction to Python Libraries
• Data handling using pandas – Series
• Creating Series – Empty Series, With a python sequence, ndarray, dictionary, scalar value
• Specifying NaN values in the series
• Common Series attributes
• Accessing elements from the series
• Modifying Series elements
• Slicing Series
• head() and tail() function
• reindex() and drop() methods

DataFrame

Creating DataFrames

• Empty DataFrame
• Single Column
• Multiple Column
• Specifying column names
• From
  • series
  • Dictionaries, list of dictionaries
  • ndarrays

Iterate rows and columns, add index, row and column

• iterrows() function
• iteritems() function
• add index, row, or column

Select/Access data from Dataframe

• Select/Access data using
  • [column_name]
  • dot (.) notation
• Select/Access row/column using
  • loc[]
  • iloc[]
  • slice
• Select/Access Individual value

Drop/Delete row(s)/column(s) from dataframe

• Delete Rows using
  • Index name
  • Multiple indexes
  • Multiple indexes inplace
  • .index property
  • != operator
• Delete Columns Using
  • Column Labels
  • Multiple Columns
  • Columns parameter in drop() funtion
  • Column list
• Delete rows and columns together

rename(), head(), tail() functions

• rename() function
• columns properties
• index properties
• head() function
• tail() function
• concat() function
• merge() function

Data Visualization using PyPlot

Introduction to data visualizations

• Basic Components of Graph
• matplotlib Introduction
• Steps how to create graphs using matplotlib
• Installation of matplotlib
• import module
• Choose the desired plot type (graph type)
• Give proper labels to axis, categories
• Add data points
• Add more functionality like colors, sizes etc
• Creating a Line chart or Plotting lines
• Bar Graph

Creating a histogram with PyPlot

• What is histogram?
• Creating histogram
• Changing the look of histogram
• Using cumulative
• Saving the histogram as image

In the next section of Informatics Practices class 12 notes python, we will cover transfer data between CSV and dataframe.

Importing/Exporting data between dataframe and CSV

• Export data from dataframe to CSV
• Recommended options with to_csv() function
• Exporting data into text files
• Import data through files
• read_csv() function

The next section of Informatics Practices class 12 notes python, is dedicated to unit 2 database query using SQL.

Unit 2: Database query using SQL

Math functions

• power()
• round()
• mod()
• sqrt()
• abs()
• truncate()
• sign()

Text Functions

• Ucase/Upper
• Lcase/Lower
• Mid
• Length
• Left
• Right
• Instr

Date Functions

• now()/sysdate()
• curdate()/current_date()/current_date
• date()
• month()
• monthname()
• year()
• day()
• dayname()
• dayofmonth()
• dayofweek()
• dayofyear()

Aggregate Functions

• Distinct keyword
• All Keyword
• avg()
• count()
• max()
• min()
• sum()

Group by, having, and order by in MySQL

• Group By Clause
• Having Clause
• Order by Clause

In the next section of Informatics Practices class 12 notes python, we will cover Unit III – Computer Networks.

Unit 3 Computer Networks

Evolution of Networking

• ARPANET
• Internet
• Interspace different ways of sending data across the network with reference to switching techniques (Circuit and Packet Switching)
• Data Communication terminologies
  • Concept of Channel
  • Bandwidth & data transfer rates

Transmission Media

• Twisted pair cable
• Coaxial Cable
• Optical Fibre Cable
• Infrared
• Radio link
• microwave link
• satellite link

Network Devices

• Modem
• RJ45 Connector
• Ethernet Card
• Router
• Switch
• Gateway
• WiFi Card

Network Types and Topologies

• Network Types
  • PAN
  • LAN
  • MAN
  • WAN
• Network Topologies
  • Star
  • Bus
  • Ring
  • Mesh

Introduction to Internet

• Introduction to internet
• WWW
• Email
• Chat
• VoIP

Website

• Purpose of the website
• Webpage
• Static Webpage
• Dynamic Webpage
• Webserver
• Hosting a website
• How to host a website?

Web browsers

• Introduction
• Commonly used browsers
• Browser settings
• Add-ons
• Plug-ins
• Cookies

In the next section of Informatics Practices class 12 notes Python, I will start Unit 4 Societal Impacts.

Unit 4 Societal Impacts

• Digital Footprint
• Net and communication etiquette

• Data Protection
• IPR
• Plagiarism
• Licensing and copyright
• Free and open-source software

• Cyber Crime and Cyber laws
• Hacking
• Phishing
• Cyberbullying
• Overview of Indian IT Act

• E-waste hazards and management.
• Impacts on health

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